In conclusion, our findings point out that sex, animal strain, species, and injectiontime may affect the behavioral response induced by CBD in rodents submitted to animal models of depression. CBD produced an antidepressant-like effect only in male Swiss mice and no effect in female Swiss mice or C57BL/6 mice (both sexes) was observed. Notably, in female FSL rats, CBD produced an antidepressant effect 2h post injection and tended to induce a depressive-like effect at 1 h. In male FSL, CBD tended to cause an antidepressant at 1 h but not at 2 h.